HTML. and CSS.

Do you remember Mosaic ? We do. In 1993 Mosaic was the first web browser to display images. Who among us can forget the moment we realized that an img tag could be wrapped inside an href (link) ? Oh, the endless possibilities that unfolded... HTML remains the fundamental language of the internet. No matter how many upper level languages one learns, or wonderful tools you may own to write it for you, a real knowledge of HTML is indispensable.

Display Independence.

Cascading style sheets (CSS) began gaining popularity in 1997. Their use offered a separation of workflow, developers could code and hand sites off to designers. But their real power was their underlying flexibility, the potential to change the look and feel of a site without recoding every bit of it. As CSS specification developed the opportunity to add style sheets targeting different media emerged. The same content delivered to multiple formats, print, browser, handheld devices.

Having been developers for so many years, we are quite frankly experts in these fundamentals. Visibone, the undisputed leader in visual aides for developers still features charts and posters that use some of Laurel's work as an examples. Her model of web development (research, synchronize, create, test, evolve) is still the de facto in use today by thousands of internet designers and developers.